Pencil.



H. L. FISCHER.

PENGIL.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 29, 1910.

Patented May 20, 1913.,

I w a Imwhu jypi'vzesum m L jfoula LZfo'sohn Jan? liAPN cg. WASHINGTON D c HOWARD L. FISCHER-0F ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

PENCIL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 20, 1913.

Application filed December 29, 1910. Serial No. 599,789.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HOWARD L. FISCHER, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota, have invented a new and useful Improvement in' Pencils, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to improvements in magazine pencils and its object is to provide a pencil in which a new, sharp pencil point can be instantly secured for use.

The invention consists of novel means for holding and replacing individual pencil points in use, and a simple efiicient maga zine, as hereinafter described. Y

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate my invention and which form part of my specification, Figure 1 is an elevation of my pencil showing the parts used in the operation of the pencil; Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line A-A, Fig. 1'; Fig. 3 is a section looking up on the line BB, Fig. 1, drawn to a larger scale; Fig. 4 is a partial section on the line BB, Fig. lillustrating the insert-ion of a new point; Fig. 5 isa similar section illustrating the manner of removing an old point from the pencil; Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a point holder alone, taken adjacent to one side of the spring andt-hrough the jaw; Fig. 7 is a section on the line D-D, Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a section on the line EE, Fig. 4; Fig. 9, shows a filler containing new points;

Fig. 10 illustrates the developed -formof. j

between the jaw and point body insures :a perfect frictional engagement between them and results from the insertion under force of the point body into a socketed jaw .having an interior of a different cross sec-, tion from :the exterior of the point body causing the removal or abrading of material the point holder; Fig. 11 shows an alternative form of the" point holder; Fig. 12 is a partial section of ,a. pencil showing .means'for fixing the point holder in the" barrel of the pencil; Fig. 13 shows the geometrically developed form ofthe pointholder shown in Fig. 12, and Fig. 14: is a sectional view of a pencil with the point holder in full and showing an alternative construction of the magazine.

In the pencils illustrated in the drawings, thereis a barrel containing a magazine for loose lead points, a point holder at the point i end of the pencil and a point replacing instrument convenientlyattached to the pencil. The points shown in this pencil are of lead, graphite or other marking material and are formed with a short cylindrical bodyand a tapering point.

In Fig. 1 is shown a pencil having a hexagonal barrel 2 with its lower end tapered to form a convenient writing point 3, This maybe conical as shown or formed with flat sides to simulate a hand sharpened pencil. Within the barrel 2 on its axis is a substantially cylindrical cavity, extending through its entire length and open at its ends, forming a magazine 4 for the lead points 5 used in the pencil. In the lower or writingjend of the barrel 2 is placed the point holder 7 The point holder 7 as shown in F igs. 6, 7 8 and 10, consists of a piece of spring metal which in its geometrically developed shape is represented in Fig.

10, and which is formed into tubular shape having at its lower end a spring aw 8 forming a socket 9 cylindrical in shape and fitted to grip firmly a point forced into it. The length of the socket 9 is substantially the same as that of the body 10 of the lead point 5 and normally has a'less diameter inside than the bodv 10 of the point which is forced into it, thus insuring a close fit and a firm grasping of the point to hold it solid during its use. In forcing the body 10 of the lead point into the socket 9, the jaw 8 expands slightly opening the joint 11 between its sides and at the same time abrades the surface of the point body 10 and reduces the body to the exact shape of the socket aperture. The formof the socket aperture and the sectional form of the body 10 of the lead point may be altered to suit differentkinds of pencils and to produce more efiicient engagement between the point 5 and point holder 7 The abrading action from the surface of the point body during its insertion into the jaw. The frictional ;resistance between the parts is in this manner made greater than the pressure exerted in writing but less than a force that can.

safely be exerted on the butt of a point to force it into the jaw. Above the socket 9 a portion of the wall of the tube 7 is formed into a longitudinal spring tongue 12 attached at its upper end and normally bent inwardly with itslower end 13 adjacent to the jaw 8 on the axis of the socket 9 and pencil. In this position the end 13 of the tongue rests against the upper end 14 of .thepoint in use, acts as a stop preventing upward movement of the point 5 due to pressure in writing. The holder 7 above the socket has a larger diameter than the points and the material of the holder at one side of the tongue is cut away as the introduction of a suitable instrument or replacer 18 above it to force it down into the socket 9. The point 5 advancing downward under pressure, forces the tongue'12 outward to allow its-passage. As soon as the point 5 has reached its position within the socket 9, the tongue 12 is free to spring in above it to hold it in position (see Fig. 6). The tapered end 3 of the barrel has a slot 19 corresponding with the slot 15 in the holder 7.

A metal cap 20 is shown in Fig. 1, fitted with an eraser 21 and having a slot 22 in its side to permit its being pressed onto the upper end of the barrel and retained there by the spring of the metal. One side of the lower end of the cap is extended downward in a curved projection forming a replacer 18 which is made sufiiciently strong to force a lead point 5 through the constricted socket 9 of the point holder 7. In putting a new point 5 into position for use the convex side 23 of the replacer 18 is used as illustrated in Fig. 4. The pointcannot be accidentally forced too far through the socket 9 because the replacer 18 in the position shown in Fig. 4 comes in contact with the shoulder 16 which is formed by the jaw 8 at the instant the point 5 is far enough into the socket 9 for the tongue 12 to spring in above it. It can be readily seen from Fig. 10 that the upper side of the jaw 8 is continuous across the lower end of the slot 15, thus preventing too great movement of the replacer 18. eject an old point 17 as shown in Fig. 5, where the point 24 of the replacer 118 is shown following the ejected lead point 17 through the socket 9 of the point holder 7 After forcing out the old point 17, the replacer 18 is withdrawn and a new point 5 from the magazine 4 is put in its place as before described, The point holder 7 occupies the lower part of the magazine opening and is firmly fixed there by glue or other suitable means, in the making of the barrel.

The upper part of the opening constituting the magazine proper of the pencil, retains the supply of extra points 5 which may be loose in the magazine as illustrated in Fig.14 or supplied in a capsule filler '25 as shown in Figs. 3 and 9, or retained by any The replacer 18 is curved to suitable means in a convenient position for placing in the magazine. The capsule 25 shown in Fig. 9 consists of a tubular casing of paper, pyrolene compound or thin metal closed at its lower end by a removable cap 27 which is thrown away on putting the capsule in the magazine 4 and is formed at its upper end with a solid end piece 28 of slightly larger diameter which is adapted to be pressed into the opening of the magazine to retain the capsule 25 in position when. the cap 20 is removed. The lead points 5 are placed in the capsule 125 with their tapered ends 29 toward the lower or open end of the capsule and .in position to slide by gravity, point first, .into the upper part of the point holder 7 where they can be engaged :by the Irep1ace'r'18 in the slot 15.

In the barrel shown in Fig. 14, the :upper opening of the magazine 4 is closed by a permanent plug 30 and an opening 31 is provided in the wall of 'theba'rrel 2 through which the points 5 :may be introduced and which can be closed by the "metal cap '20 shown in Figs. 1 and 3, or any desirable manner.

The diameters of the magazines 4 .in the different constructions shown, may be varied to suit the form of filler nsed.

Fig. 12 shows :a. point holder 7 set in a recess in the wall of the magazine 4 and further anchored by spurs 32 at the upper edge of the holder and directed at right angles to theIwal-l. The form of this holder geometrically developed, is shown in Fig. 13.

In Fig. 11 is shown a form of point holder 33 which has no joint or closure, being formed in a tube 34 with a gripping socket .35 of less diameter "than the upper part of the tube and spring tongue 36 integral with the tube 34, positioned as in the first holder 7 In functions and action this point holder 33 is in every way identical with the first described holder 7, save that the opening movement'of the gripping jaw 8 is absent and the accommodation of the lead point 5-to the grip is accomplished, not in part but entirely by the abrasion of the surface of the point body 10 entering the socket 35 under pressure.

It will be readily noted in connection with the structure described, that the point holder 7 and filler 25, can be dimensioned to the size of a small leaded lead pencil for ordinary use, with the material of the wall of the barrel 2 reduced to a minimum, and the parts may be enlarged for the use of large lead-s or crayon in different lines of work and for convenience in handling. In other words, the working parts of the device are simple, compact and variable and the device may be proportioned to meet the requirements of lead sizes and barrel sizes through a wider range than devices having cumbersome mechanisms. Additional 'fillers 25 may be carried in any convenient manner, and when the supply of points 5 in one filler 25 is exhausted, the cap 20 is removed from the barrel 2 and the empty filler 25 removed from the magazine 4. The cap 27 on the end of a new filler 25 is removed and the filler 25 inserted in the magazine 4c. By holding the pencil in a vertical position, point down, the points 5 move down the magazine till the lowest point 5 is in a position opposite the slot 15 in: the point holder 7 where it may be engaged by the replacer 18 and forced into the socket 9 of the holder.

In this specification and in the claims following it, the element termed a lead point as applied to the bodies of marking mate rial, is represented in the drawings as a cylindrical body having an acutely conical marking extremity on one end of the cylindrical body, but the term is not limited to the material nor form represented and is intended to include any solid body of material supplied in a holder and requiring renewal at its operating extremity. The term jaw used in this specification and the claims following denotes an element especiallyadapted to engage and hold lead or other marking points, and this action is assumed to be possible as in the structure described without the cooperation of a separate opposing member.

In accordance with the patent statutes I have described the principles of operation of my invention together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the a best embodiment thereof but I desire to have it understood that the construction shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means and applied to uses other than those above set forth within the scope of, the following claims.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is 1. In a magazine pencil, a barrel having a magazine therein for loose points and a gripping jaw at the writing end of said barrel having a diameter normally less than the diameter of a point used-in connection with the pencil and adapted to receive the same from said magazine under stress, said jaw having an edge for abrading said point as it enters and fitting it in said jaw rigid against writing pressure.

2. A magazine pencil, comprising in combination, a barrel having a magazine chamber therein, means fixed at the writing end of said barrel for holding a point to write, said parts being non-reciprocable with relation to each other and a capsule extending substantially the full length of said barrel removably positioned in said magazine and adapted to maintain a plurality of points in operative relation with said holding means.

3. A magazine pencil, comprising, in combination, a barrel havinga magazine. chain ber within adapted to hold loose marking points, a point holder fixed at the Writing end of said pencil adapted to receive points therefrom freely, a single expansible jaw of less diameter than said holder adapted to encircle and engage one of said points .to hold it against writing pressure, and means for preventing a backward movement of said point.

4. A magazine pencil comprising a barrel having a magazine therein for loose points, a point holding jaw at one end of said barrel adapted to receive points from said magazine said jaw being in the form of a single expansible point gripping member of equal cross section throughout its length extending around substantially the entire circumference of said point and adapted to fix it against movement by writing pressure.

5. A magazine pencil, comprising, in combination, a barrel having a magazine therein, a point holder having a single gripping jaw, fixed in said magazine and adapted to hold a point for writing, a removable capsule having a substantially cylindrical body and a closed upper end adapted to convey a plurality of points into said magazine and maintain them freely in connection with said holder, said holder being apertured to permit a point in said magazine to be engaged and forced through said gripping aw.

6. A magazine pencil comprising, a barrel having a magazine therein adapted to receive lead points, a single expansible jaw adapted in itself to grip a point, fixed to said pencil and extending circumferentially about a point and normally having a diameter less than that of the points within the magazine, said holder being apertured to admit an engaging instrument to force a point from said magazine into said jaw, whereby said lead point is abraded and said jaw is expanded to a close engaging fit under stress.

7. A holder for marking points comprising a tube adapted to receive a plurality of points having a less diameter than said tube to slide freely therein, said tube being slotted on one end to permit a point to be forced therefrom under pressure and means at the end of said tube for receiving and abrading a point so forced from the tube to hold it rigid against writing pressure.

8. A holder for marking points comprising a tube adapted to receive a plurality of loose points having a less diameter than said tube and freely slidable therein, an expansible tubular jaw fixed at one extremity of said tube, adapted to permit points to be forced from said tube into said jaw and said jaw having an edge for abrading such a point to fix it in said aw.

9. A magazine pencil comprising in combination, a barrel having a magazine chamber within adapted to hold loose marking points, a point holder fixed at the writing end of said pencil, adapted to receive points freely therefrom, a single expansible jaw of less diameter throughout its length than said holder adapted to encircle and engage one of said points, and means integral with said holder for engaging the butt of the point in said jaw to preventits backward movement.

10. A holder for marking points, comprising a single expansible jaw, gripping a point against lateral movement and spring means formed in a single piece of material with said jaw, adapted to engage the butt of a marking point in said jaw to prevent its backward movement.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HOWARD L. FISCHER. Witnesses 1). J. oB'mN, GHAs. J. ANDRE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

